Section 5: Non-Isentropic 1-D Flow, Normal Shock Waves, Heat Addition, Measurement of Airpseed

• What is a Normal Shockwave?
• Mach Number Ahead and Behind Normal Shockwave
• Density Ratio Across Shockwave
• Pressure Ratio Across Shockwave
• Temperature Ratio Across Shockwave
• What Happens to Stagnation Conditions Across Shock Wave?
• Entropy Change Across Normal Shock Wave?
• Can Velocity Decrease Across Shock Wave?
• Normal Shockwave Plots/Tables
• White Eagle, X-15 Max Speed Web Page
• Shock Inertaction Damage X-15, 2 Pylon

• Flow in Non-Istentropic, Adiabatic Nozzle
• Strength and Location of Normal Shockwave
• Example Problems
  • SSME start-up Video (3:30 into video)
    • Topics Starts at about 4:00
  • Nozzle Expansion Effects Video
    • Topic Starts at about 3:16

• The Optimal Nozzle Design
• Thrust / Altitude Plots
• Launch System Examples
• Design Altitude

Lecture 4 Notes: .................. (pdf )

• Non-adiabatic Quasi-1-D Flow
• Effect of Heat Addition in 1-D duct
  • Change in Stagnation Temperature
  • Effect of Heat Addition on Mach Number
  • Effects on other Flow Properties
• Example Calculation
• Thermal Choking
• Rayleigh Curve
• Generalized 1-D Heat Transfer Effects

Lecture 5 Notes: .................. (pdf )

• Maximum Pressure Coefficient
• Compressible Form of Bernoulli Equation
• Applications of the Bernoulli Equation
  • Venturi Massflow Measurements
    • Incompressible
    • Compressible
      • Venturi Calculation Example
• Airspeed Measurements
  • Rayleigh Pitot Equation
  • Notes on Pressure, Airspeed, and Totall Temperature Measurements
  • True, Equivalent, and Calibrated Airspeeds.pdf

• Lecture 6 Notes: ..................The Standard Atmosphere

• Hydrostatic Equation
• Temperature Lapse Rate Model
• NASA MSFC Atmosphere Descriptions (pdf)
  • International and 1976 US Standard Atmosphere Model
  • Earth Global Reference Model (GRAM-2010)
• USA 1976 Standard Atmosphere Table
  • Atmosphere Table, 2-km Increments to 86 km Altitude, MSL (txt)
  • Atmosphere, 10 meter Increments to 5000 meters Altitude, MSL (txt), (xlsx)
  • Standard Atmosphere FORTRAN Source Code
    • US 1976 Standard Atmosphere FORTRAN Code (txt)
    • US 1976 Standard Atmosphere FORTRAN Code (Alternate version) (txt)

Section 5 Homework Assignments

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Project 1 (HW 5) Assignment ...... (pdf)

• Shock-Nozzle Problem
• Assigned Monday October 4, 2021
• Due Wednesday October 13, 2021
• 12 Points Total Credit
  • Solution Hints
  • Project Submission Formatting Instructions

Project 1 Solution Set ......

Project 1 Walk Through Video ...

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Homework 6 Assignment ......(pdf)

• Assigned Wednesday October 20, 2021
• Due Friday October 29, 2021
  • Venturi Massflow Calculations
  • Airspeed Problems
  • 8 Points Total Credit

Homework 6 Solution Set ......

Solution Video